The Harm of Desire Modification in Non-human Animals: Circumventing Control, Diminishing Ownership and Undermining Agency

It is seemingly bad for animals to have their desires modified in at least some cases, instance where brainwashing or neurological manipulation takes place. In humans, many argue that such modification interferes with our positive liberty undermines autonomy but this explanation inapplicable the case of as they lack capacity relevant sense. As such, standard view has been that, despite any intuitions contrary, animals’ not harmful (at itself). article, I offer a different perspective on issue, laying foundations novel argument defence can be harmed by desire directly. suggest an animal’s (under certain circumstances) animal because it agency.